Standard syllabus
Spectroscopy · Undergraduate · Chemistry
Topics
Electromagnetic radiation and interaction
- Electromagnetic spectrum: wavelength, frequency, energy
- Photon absorption, emission, and scattering processes
- Beer–Lambert law and molar absorptivity
- Selection rules and transition probabilities
- Einstein coefficients: absorption, spontaneous emission, stimulated emission
- Linewidths: natural, Doppler, collisional broadening
- Instrumentation: sources, monochromators, detectors
- Fourier transform advantages in spectroscopy
- Signal-to-noise ratio and detection limits
- Sample preparation for spectroscopic analysis
UV-Vis and electronic spectroscopy
- Electronic transitions: σ→σ*, n→π*, π→π*
- Franck–Condon principle and vibronic structure
- Solvatochromism and solvent effects
- Charge-transfer bands
- UV-Vis of inorganic complexes: d-d transitions
- Spectrophotometric quantitative analysis
- Derivative spectroscopy (introduction)
- Circular dichroism for chiral molecules (intro)
- Fluorescence: quantum yield, quenching, Stern–Volmer
- Phosphorescence and intersystem crossing
Vibrational spectroscopy
- Harmonic oscillator model for diatomics
- Anharmonicity and overtone bands
- Normal modes in polyatomic molecules
- IR selection rules and group frequencies
- FTIR instrumentation and sample techniques (KBr pellets, ATR)
- Raman scattering and selection rules
- Raman vs IR complementarity
- Resonance Raman spectroscopy (introduction)
- Vibrational circular dichroism (overview)
- Spectral interpretation for functional group identification
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- Nuclear spin and magnetic moments
- ¹H NMR: chemical shift, integration, coupling
- Spin-spin splitting: first-order analysis
- ¹³C NMR and DEPT editing
- 2D NMR: COSY, HSQC, HMBC (introduction)
- NMR instrumentation: superconducting magnets, probes
- EPR/ESR for paramagnetic species (overview)
- NMR in solids: MAS-NMR (introduction)
- Dynamic NMR and exchange phenomena
- Structure elucidation strategies combining NMR data
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